| Abstract | 「I. Introduction」The induction of anesthesia in young child can be an stressful anesthesiologist and for the child. Physiologic changes occur quickly and the incidence of critical events in children is high. These critical events, which may include hypotension contribute to the anesthesia-related cardiac arrests that occur more frequently in infants than in adults. 1-3)Although there are many ways to induce anesthesia in young children, the technique that is chosen should be safe, rapid, and uncomplicated. Techniques for the induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients have developed in an empiric manner because accurate, non-invasive methods of evaluating the cardiovascular responses to induction of anesthesia in children had not been available. Frequently the effect of anesthetic agents on adults have, perhaps inappropriately, been extrapolated to the pediatric patient and because of this lack of specific information, we have focused much of our research interest on the period or induction of anesthesia using two-dimentional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography to evaluate the changes in car diovascular function that occur during the induction of anesthesia in neonates, infants and young children. 「II. Inhalation Induction」Inhalation induction of anesthesia with halothane or isoflurane is a very common technique used to put a young child to sleep for surgery. Numerous studies have provided comparative data evaluating the cardiovascular effects of inhalation anesthetic agents in adults but few studies exist evaluating their use in pediatric patients. |
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