| Abstract | Today, cardiac surgery is a proven and effective treatment for the congenital as well as the acquired cardiac diseases. The early success in surgical treatment gave rise to a new therapeutic era in heart disease management and fastered the development and collaboration of the subspecialties of cardiology and cardiac surgery. Through this cooperative effrot, tremendous progress in medical diagnosis and surgical treatment was achieved. In turn these advances encouraged the development of anesthesiologists with cardiovascular interests who understood both pathophysiolgy of heart diseases and the surgical procedure. Ligation of patent ductus arteriosus, the first cardiac operation in Thailand was performed in 1953 at Chulalongkorn Hospital. The intracardiac repair surgery started with first successful closure of an atrial septal defect under surface cooling hypothrmia at Siriraj Hospital in 1959. After that the open heart procedures were carried out with cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal circulation under general en-dotracheal anesthesia. Successful anesthesia was performed with thiopental, pethidine, d-tubocurarine and halothane in the past. Today the balanced anesthesia is the only technique of choice in cardiovascuar anesthesia in Thailand. Induction agents include thiopental, midazolam, etomidate or propofol and small to moderate dose of fentanyl. |
|---|